7718065806
AUG 2025
1 Question.
(a) Enumerate the
three main principles of LLMC (Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims)
convention 1976 and explain its linkage with two other IMO Liability and
compensation Conventions
(b) Discuss what are the different liabilities covered under
the LLMC (Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims) Convention 1976.
(c) Discuss the principles of the International Salvage
Convention 1989, as established by the IMO. Furthermore, examine the rationale
for extending liability limitation to salvors under the LLMC Convention, and
specify the current liability limit applicable to them.
2 Question.
(a) Discuss the
concept of CII (Carbon Intensity Indicator) as adopted in MARPOL and the
commercial impact of CII in shipping business.
(b) Discuss shortcomings of the current CII concept being
faced by the industry and remedial measures adopted.
3 Question.
a) Discuss the application of formal safety assessment in
carriage of lithium battery in vehicles and containers and in RORO ships.
(b) State various measures to be taken by stakeholders in
minimizing the incidents in the above instance.
4 Question.
a) How is Human Element issue addressed in STCW code.
b) Discuss the IMO guidance on fatigue mitigation and
management on board ships.
5 Question.
What do you understand by "Unseaworthy vessels"
within the meaning of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958, as amended? What
according to you is the difference between "Unseaworthy ships" &
"Unsafe ships". What are the obligations of owners to crew with
respect seaworthiness?
6 Question.
a) "General average is based on certain essential
features"-Discuss the statement.
b) A large vessel ran aground. Main engine was used in ahead
and astern directions to shake the vessel loose from the ground. Due to
excessive load some bearings of the main engine got burnt. Can this damage be
included in the general average?
Give proper justification to your answer.
7 Question.
Discuss the procedure of entry into force of an IMO
Convention after its Adoption? State the provision and its importance towards
entry into force of the convention. For a convention of important technical
nature state, the general rules/ conditions observed by the states for its
entry into force. Explain the terms (1) Accession (ii) Signature subject to
Ratification, acceptance or approval.
8 Question.
Discuss the revised GHG (Green House Gas) strategy of the IMO
and amendments being considered under MARPOL Annex VI, including the inclusion
of new Chapter-V to achieve the decarbonisation goal and transition to a Net
Zero future in shipping.
9 Question.
(a) As per UNCLOS what
are the sovereign rights and jurisdictions applicable to the coastal state and
Flag state of the vessel in various maritime zones of the coastal state?
Explain your answer with suitable explanations.
(b) A cadet goes missing from the vessel in the Exclusive
Economic zone of India which laws will apply and what actions will be taken as
per the applicable laws?
Thank you
God bless you.