Question

a) Discuss the significance of continuous survey of machinery onboard ships, outlining its key objectives, methodologies, and the impact of advanced technologies on this process.

b) Enumerate challenges that could be encountered in such surveys and propose viable solutions to ensure its effectiveness.

Question.

a) Illustrate mean piston speed and its significance on consumption of F.O.

b) Explain how means piston speed is related to rpm and ideal combustion.

c) After joining an old ship as Chief Engineer, formulate a methodology by which you can ascertain optimum use of FO vis-vis desired mean piston speed.

Question.

a) What is bill of lading?

b) What precautions are to be observed before signing a B/L under voyage charter and time charter?

Question.

Differentiate the salient considerations taken during on-hire Survey of a ship under 1) Bare-boat charter, 2) Voyage charter & 3) Time charter.

As a Chief Engineer onboard, explain with reasons, which of the above three Survey Is the most demanding and exhaustive

Question.

Briefly discuss the key provisions and objectives of the OPRC Convention, highlighting its significance in responding to and preventing oil pollution incidents.

Analyze the role of Member States and the challenges faced in implementing the convention's principles.

Enlist the documents required to be maintained by Member State and on-board ships as per the OPRC Convention.

Question.

Referring to various alternatives to tin-based antifouling paints discuss the following:

• hull roughness of different types of antifouling paints.

• Enhancement of foul release coating by oil incorporation.

• Personnel and health safety during application of antifouling paints.

Question.

Explain the associated key factors and activities to ensure an effective PMS onboard ships and ISM code with the following terms -

1. Corrective action process.

2. Developing and Improving maintenance records.

3. systematic approach of maintenance

4. Maintenance intervals & periodicity of inspection..

Question.

Name the present ISO standards for Marine Fuel and explain the salient features of it.

With reference to fuel oil analysis report, explain the content of such a report and discuss corrective actions that would be required to be initiated against each of the undesirable observations in it.

Question.

Discuss developments in marine diesel engines, including the retrofit methods that are popularly adopted by engine manufacturers to enable hassle free slow steaming & ultra- slow steaming of ships?

Question.

What are Protection and Indemnity club?

Describe how Protection and Indemnity club collect fund from ship-owners.

What are the risks that are covered under the term “protection" and "indemnity"?

What is the minimum a ship owner/shipping company has to do for its ship to get averages under Protection and Indemnity club?