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Question

(a) What is the purpose of FAL convention and list the main contents of the FAX convention.

(b) What are the documents that a ship is expected to be in possession as per FAL convention? What are the pros and cons of electronic exchange of documents?

Question

With reference to PSC inspections, explain various ‘codes’ used to represent ‘Actions to be taken' by the vessel against the deficiencies reported.

Your IOPP equipment is not operational for want of spares awaited in the next port of call.

How will you present your ease to a PSCO for a voyage permission till next port.

Question

(a) Elaborate some of the technological innovation adopted / developed to improve the over all plant efficiency of ships propulsion engine.

(b) Describe fuel injection system in the cam shaft less engines of any one of the major slow speed engine makers. Highlight the improvements possible when compared with the traditional systems.

Question

Guidelines on Maritime Cyber Risk Management are laid down in MSC-FAL.l/Circ.3. Considering these guidelines elaborate following:

(a)Name all the onboard systems which are prone for cyber risks due to vulnerabilities created by accessing, interconnecting or networking of such systems.

(b)Explain the Elements of Cyber risk management.

(c)With regard to Resolution MSC.428(98) on cyber risk management, what requirement is made mandatory for shipping companies (company holding Document of Compliance). Specify since when this requirement is enforced.

Question

Explain the following maritime terms:

1. Charter Party

2. Freight

3. Bare Boat Charter

4. Bill of Lading

5. Lay Time, Demurrage and Off-Hire.

Question

(a) The advent of multimodal transportation has entirely changed the legal obligations of the carrier. Enumerate these in light of existing national / international rules.

(b) Multimodal operator takes the responsibility of carrying the container from door to door by different modes of transportation. Explain briefly the responsibilities and liabilities of the multimodal transport operator under the UNCTAD-ICC Rules.

Question

With reference to IMO Strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships:

(a) List out the small term, mid-term and Long term candidate measures with possible timelines as discussed in the IMO strategy for reduction of GHG

emissions.

(b) With the advent of stricter norms for NOx, SOx and Carbon emissions. Evaluate the various fuel options which would be able to satisfy the propulsion requirements for future & existing ships?

Question

Discuss the additional risks of bulk carriers and tankers which have necessitated the enhanced Survey Programme for these ship types. State the major requirements of inspections under this programme.

Question

a) What are P & I clubs? Describe how P & I clubs collect fund from ship-owners,

(b) What are the risks that are covered under the term ‘‘protection” and “indemnity”.

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